Ideal gas law

Isotherms o an ideal gas. The curved lines represent the relationship atween pressur (on the vertical, y-axis) an volume (on the horizontal, x-axis) for an ideal gas at different temperaturs: lines that are farther away frae the origin (that is, lines that are nearer tae the tap richt-haund corner o the diagram) represent heicher temperaturs.

The ideal gas law is the equation o state o a hypothetical ideal gas. It is a guid approximation o the behaviour o mony gases unner mony condeetions, awtho it haes several leemitations. It wis first statit bi Émile Clapeyron in 1834 as a combination o the empirical Boyle's law, Charles' law an Avogadro's Law. The ideal gas law is often written as

$PV=nRT,$

whaur:

• P is the pressur o the gas,
• V is the volume o the gas,
• n is the amoont o substance o gas (in moles),
• R is the ideal, or universal, gas constant, equal tae the product o the Boltzmann constant an the Avogadro constant,
• T is the absolute temperatur o the gas.